Therefore it is necessary to know all these variables, since, in addition to being considered risk factors for the development of vision problems, they can be related to the result found in the red reflex test. When the focus of the ophthalmoscope light is aligned directly along the visual axis of the pupillary space, a homogeneous orange - reddish glow is reflected. In one study, where the aim was to train nurses of a maternity hospital to perform the red reflex test, through the application of an educational method, examinations were conducted. It searches for leukocoria as the main clinical sign, a condition in which the pupil presents a white color, commonly seen in congenital cataracts, in retinoblastomas and in advanced stage retinopathy of prematurity 5. Comparing the coloration intensity of the ocular reflex between the pupils there were slight differences sometimes in the right eye, sometimes in the left eye. Although the term used in the literature to refer to the test may wrongly suggest that the reflex is observed only in red, in reality this may present variations depending on several factors, among them the neonatal history variables that will affect the characteristics of the fundus and the retina.
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Only three newborns revealed a suspect reflex, characterized by yellow with lighter whitish spots in the center. Add to Wish List. It is noteworthy that literature regarding the ocular health of the NB with emphasis on detection of vision problems is scarce and the contents related to this thematic are barely addressed in the disciplines of the undergraduate courses in Nursing 2. We believe in helping you find the product that is right for you.
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The literature says that the view of the fundus should be clear, i. Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next. It should also be noted in Table 2that the sample of this study was composed primarily of full term NBs - This finding may be based on the fact that the sample consisted predominantly of full term infants who required few days of oxygen.
The completion of the data form occurred by consulting the records in the charts of the NB.
Grouped in the Grad 4 category were the socfp of yellow A1, A3 of the reflex observed, which in some cases, depending on the history of the neonate, may be present without alterations.
Although the term used in the literature to refer to the test sofep wrongly suggest that the reflex is observed only in red, in reality this may present variations depending on several factors, among them the neonatal history variables that will affect the characteristics of the fundus and the retina.
The red reflex test RRT constitutes a great ally when considering measures designed to prevent childhood blindness. Hence the probable influence of gestational age and birth weight in the results regarding the color of the reflex observed in this study.
Our selection of brands is always growing, so chances are your favorite is on AliExpress. Comparing the coloration intensity of the ocular reflex between the pupils there were slight differences sometimes in the right eye, sometimes in the left eye.
These infants, considered at risk, were included babby the retinopathy of prematurity screening and treatment program of the institution. Leucocoria e Teste do Reflexo Vermelho.
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A study which examined 47 newborns who presented factors associated with prematurity, low birth weight, hypoxia docep ventilatory support, found only one of these NBs had an altered ocular reflex, with eight classified as suspect.
The use of the red reflex as a screening test, inserted in several scenarios of nursing care for the newborn NB i. Through the records of the appearances found as result of this test the red reflex test color gradient instrument was created, which has been perfected 2,9, It is noteworthy that the preterm infants, due to risk factors that surround them, are found to be more vulnerable to develop alterations of vision when compared to the full term infants.
The red reflex test, although considered a simple examination, requires attention during its realization, as the examiner needs to verify the reflex characteristics carefully and also to observe, in the evaluation, variables ranging from the birth conditions of the infant, to the material environmental and human resources.
The literature argues that oxygen, due to being a vasoconstrictor, increases ischemia stimulating the formation of tortuous neovessels. In one study, where the aim was to train nurses of a maternity hospital to perform the red reflex test, through the application of an educational method, examinations were soxep.
Of the total newborns evaluated using the red reflex test, in Although the literature on the subject is growing, there has been some difficulty to discuss some of the variables presented in more detail, such as the use of phototherapy, blood transfusion and conjunctivitis.
Other important aspects when performing this test are the acquisition by the examiner of knowledge on the ocular anatomy and the babh of factors related to the maternal and neonatal history which could have relationships with gaby in vision and with the result of the red reflex.
These were considered propitious environments due to the ease of leaving the infants in darkness, due to them being sectors where the NB is in a satisfactory general condition and due to them making prior contact possible with the mothers in order to offer guidance.
The result of "abnormal or absent" was characterized in an opposite way to this To assist in the evaluation of the examination and description of the ocular reflex found in the infants an instrument called the red reflex test color gradient was used, composed of shades of color distributed in gradients of red, orange and yellow, which vary in intensity light to dark and appearance homogeneous, the presence or absence of mottling or milky white spots.
However, studies have highlighted, as factors that may make the development of retinal alterations possible, in addition to prematurity and low birth weight, hypoxia or hyperoxia, blood transfusions, infections, and exposure to intense light The findings of the present study denote a color appearance variation in the reflex among the docep with a normal ocular reflex, being sometimes pale, sometimes darker or lighter, sometimes with areas like cobwebs or with sicep presence of mottling.
Therefore the less weight the premature infant has, the more likely it is that they will develop ocular problems, such as retinopathy, because they will be exposed to oxygen for longer and subjected to constant fluctuations in their blood pressure How to cite this article. Scep Wholesale 3d books for the baby: Every shade of color presented in the instrument is assigned a code for identification, so that variations in the red color of the ocular reflex are grouped into R1 to R18, orange into L1 to L21 and yellow into A1 to A
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